Setup Local Development Environment with Kubernetes and Skaffold

BySuresh Gadupu Spring Boot

In this blog post, I will explain the ways to setup local development environment using Kubernetes and Skaffold.

If you are deploying application in k8s environments, it would be better if you can deploy and test in similar environments in your local system.

In this blog post we will deploy spring boot applications on k8s cluster and access their services.

Pre-Requisites

Docker

Creating Kubernetes Cluster

We will create Kubernetes cluster by installing the minikube.

minikube is local Kubernetes, focusing on making it easy to learn and develop for Kubernetes.

Installation

To install the minikube on Windows

  • Download and run the installer
  • Add minikube.exe binary to your path in environment variables

If you are using PowerShell , you can run following commands to install the minikube

New-Item -Path 'c:\' -Name 'minikube' -ItemType Directory -Force
Invoke-WebRequest -OutFile 'c:\minikube\minikube.exe' -Uri 'https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/releases/latest/download/minikube-windows-amd64.exe' -UseBasicParsingCode language: Java (java)
$oldPath = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path', [EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)
if ($oldPath.Split(';') -inotcontains 'C:\minikube'){ `
  [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Path', $('{0};C:\minikube' -f $oldPath), [EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine) `
}
Code language: Java (java)

To install the latest minikube on x86-64 Linux using binary download

curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64
sudo install minikube-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube
Code language: Java (java)

To install the latest minikube on ARM64 Linux using binary download:

curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-arm64
sudo install minikube-linux-arm64 /usr/local/bin/minikube
Code language: Java (java)

To install the latest minikube on x86-64 macOS using binary download:

curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-darwin-amd64
sudo install minikube-darwin-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube
Code language: Java (java)

To install the latest minikube on ARM64 macOS using binary download:

curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-darwin-arm64
sudo install minikube-darwin-arm64 /usr/local/bin/minikube
Code language: Java (java)

Start K8S cluster

From a terminal with administrator access, run the following command

minikube start
Code language: Java (java)

Interact with K8S cluster

We need to install kubectl to interact with k8s cluster.

We can use one of the option to install the kubectl CLI

Option 1) If you have installed Docker Desktop, kubectl comes with it. You can add <Docker-Installation-Path>\resources\bin directory to path in environment variables.

Option 2) Download the kubectl binary and add installation directory to your path

Option 3) minikube can download the kubectl and we can use it like this:

minikube kubectl -- get po -ACode language: Java (java)

If you install kubectl with minikube, you need to prepend every command with “minikube” word.

If you are using linux or mac, you can create alias command like below

alias kubectl="minikube kubectl --"
Code language: Java (java)

Switching to minikube context

If you have installed docker desktop, we need to switch the context to minikube context.

You can check the context

$ kubectl config get-contexts
CURRENT   NAME             CLUSTER          AUTHINFO         NAMESPACE
*        docker-desktop   docker-desktop   docker-desktop   default
         minikube         minikube         minikube         defaultCode language: Java (java)

In above response star(*) represents the context being used.

To switch to minikube context run following command

If you are using PowerShell

$ minikube docker-env | Invoke-ExpressionCode language: Java (java)

You can also use following command

kubectl config use-context minikubeCode language: Java (java)

eval $(minikube docker-env)Code language: Java (java)

You can verify the context switch by following command.

$ kubectl config current-context
minikubeCode language: Java (java)

Developing Spring Boot Applications

Let’s develop 2 sample spring boot applications which we will deploy the on k8s cluster.

Employee Project

Go to start.spring.io and create a employee project.

We will create a sample controller for testing.

package dev.fullstackcode.k8s.employee.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/employee")
public class EmployeeController {

    @GetMapping
    public String getEmployee() {
        return "from employee project";
    }
}
Code language: Java (java)

Department Project

Go to start.spring.io and create a department project.

We will create a sample controller for testing.

package dev.fullstackcode.k8s.department.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;


@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/department")
public class DepartmentController {
    @GetMapping
    public String getDepartment() {
        return "from department project";
    }

}
Code language: Java (java)

Dockerfile

Spring Boot applications are deployed as docker images on Kubernetes .In k8s they are called pods.

So we need to write Dockerfile to build images.

FROM eclipse-temurin:17.0.6_10-jdk-jammy as build
COPY mvnw ./
COPY pom.xml ./
COPY src src
RUN chmod a+rx mvnw
RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.m2,rw
RUN ./mvnw clean package -DskipTests

FROM eclipse-temurin:17.0.6_10-jdk-jammy
COPY --from=build "./target/*.jar" /app.jar
RUN addgroup --system springboot && adduser --system sbuser && adduser sbuser springboot
USER sbuser
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "/app.jar"]Code language: Java (java)

Architecture Diagram

Let’s look at the architecture diagram of k8s deployment.

Deployment & Services

A Deployment provides declarative updates for Pods and ReplicaSets.

We can define Deployments to create new ReplicaSets, or to remove existing Deployments and adopt all their resources with new Deployments.

In Kubernetes, a Service is an abstraction which defines a logical set of Pods and a policy by which to access them. It is an abstract way to expose an application running on a set of Pods as a network service.The set of Pods targeted by a Service is usually determined by a selector.

Next we will write Deployment and Service definitions to deploy the applications and expose it as a service.

You can also write Service and Deployment in separate file.

employee-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: department
  labels:
    app: department  
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: department
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: department
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: sureshgkhyd/department
        imagePullPolicy: Never
        name: department
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: "250m"
            memory: "128Mi"


---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: department-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: department
  ports:
  - port: 8080
    targetPort: 8080

Code language: Java (java)

department-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: employee
  labels:
    app: employee  
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: employee
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: employee
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: sureshgkhyd/employee
        imagePullPolicy: Never
        name: employee
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: "250m"
            memory: "128Mi"
        
---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: employee-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: employee
  ports:
  - port: 8080
    targetPort: 8080

Code language: Java (java)

Note

In deployment files I am using “imagePullPolicy: Never” as I was using local docker images for testing. If you are pushing images to docker hub or any other container registry, you need to remove that line.

Building Docker Images

Since applications are deployed as docker images first we need to create docker images.

docker build . -t sureshgkhyd/employeeCode language: Java (java)
docker build . -t sureshgkhyd/departmentCode language: Java (java)

Loading docker images to Minikube context

$ minikube image load sureshgkhyd/employee
$ minikube image load sureshgkhyd/departmentCode language: Java (java)

Deploying Applications on k8s cluster

kubectl create -f employee-deployment.yamlCode language: Java (java)
kubectl create -f department-deployment.yamlCode language: Java (java)

Checking deployed pods status

$ kubectl get pods
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
department-56c4c968d6-7gmkc   1/1     Running   0          6h57m
employee-5cd898bb84-rc8rt     1/1     Running   0          6h57mCode language: Java (java)

Checking deployed services status

$ kubectl get services
NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE
department-service   ClusterIP   10.107.108.26    <none>        8080/TCP   6h59m
employee-service     ClusterIP   10.102.201.129   <none>        8080/TCP   6h59m
kubernetes           ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP    7h20mCode language: Java (java)

Checking exposed endpoints.

$ kubectl get endpoints --namespace=default
NAME                 ENDPOINTS           AGE
department-service   10.244.0.10:8080    7h9m
employee-service     10.244.0.9:8080     7h9m
kubernetes           192.168.58.2:8443   7h30mCode language: Java (java)

We have exposed our services as ClusterIP, while these services are communicate each other, they are not exposed to outside world.

To expose these services to outside world we use Ingress Service.

Minikube comes with inbuilt Ingress. we can enable the ingress controller with following command.

minikube addons enable ingress
Code language: Java (java)

We can check the Ingress Controller enablement with following command.

$ kubectl get pods --namespace ingress-nginx
NAME                                       READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-ftkkv       0/1     Completed   0          23h
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-956m7        0/1     Completed   1          23h
ingress-nginx-controller-77669ff58-m5bf4   1/1     Running     0          23h
Code language: Java (java)

We will use following Ingress file to expose the services outside world.

Ingress.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: ingress-eis
  annotations:
    # use the shared ingress-nginx
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"    
spec:
  rules:
  - host: eis.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /api/employee
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: employee-service
            port:
              number: 8080
      - path: /api/department
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: department-service
            port:
              number: 8080Code language: Java (java)

We can check the ingress with following command.

$ kubectl get ingress
NAME          CLASS    HOSTS     ADDRESS        PORTS   AGE
ingress-eis   <none>   eis.com   192.168.58.2   80      7h14mCode language: Java (java)

Its time to invoke the API which we deployed.

Testing in Windows OS

In windows due to limitation of docker networking, we need to ssh into Ingress controller pod to test the API

To log into ingress controller first we need to switch the namespace to ingress-nginx

kubectl config set-context --current --namespace=ingress-nginxCode language: Java (java)

Get pods in ingress-nginx namespace

$ kubectl get pods
NAME                                       READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-ftkkv       0/1     Completed   0          23h
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-956m7        0/1     Completed   1          23h
ingress-nginx-controller-77669ff58-m5bf4   1/1     Running     0          23hCode language: Java (java)

SSH into ingress-controller pod

$ kubectl exec ingress-nginx-controller-77669ff58-m5bf4 -it sh
kubectl exec [POD] [COMMAND] is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl exec [POD] -- [COMMAND] instead.
/etc/nginx $Code language: Java (java)

From the command line

 $ curl eis.com/api/employee
from employee project Code language: Java (java)
 $ curl eis.com/api/department
from department projectCode language: Java (java)

Testing in Linux

In Linux, use following command to get the IP on which Ingress is exposed.

$ kubectl get ingress
NAME          CLASS    HOSTS     ADDRESS        PORTS   AGE
ingress-eis   <none>   eis.com   192.168.58.2   80      7h14mCode language: Java (java)

You can also get IP by using following command

minikube ip
192.168.58.2Code language: Java (java)

Now edit your /etc/hosts file

sudo nano /etc/hostsCode language: Java (java)

place the following entry and save the file.

192.168.58.2 eis.comCode language: Java (java)

Now you can test the API

 $ curl eis.com/api/employee
from employee project Code language: Java (java)
 $ curl eis.com/api/department
from department projectCode language: Java (java)

Continuous Development

As we work on the project with every change we need to deploy the project on the k8s cluster for testing.

We use CLI tool called Skaffold to facilitate continuous development.

Skaffold

Skaffold is a command line tool that facilitates continuous development for container based & Kubernetes applications. Skaffold handles the workflow for building, pushing, and deploying your application, and provides building blocks for creating CI/CD pipelines. This enables you to focus on iterating on your application locally while Skaffold continuously deploys to your local or remote Kubernetes cluster, local Docker environment or Cloud Run project.

Installation

Download skaffold and place it in your PATH as skaffold.exe.

Run following command to install Skaffold on Linux

# For Linux x86_64 (amd64)
curl -Lo skaffold https://storage.googleapis.com/skaffold/releases/latest/skaffold-linux-amd64 && \
sudo install skaffold /usr/local/bin/Code language: Java (java)
# For Linux ARMv8 (arm64)
curl -Lo skaffold https://storage.googleapis.com/skaffold/releases/latest/skaffold-linux-arm64 && \
sudo install skaffold /usr/local/bin/Code language: Java (java)

Run following command to install Skaffold on Mac

# For macOS on x86_64 (amd64)
curl -Lo skaffold https://storage.googleapis.com/skaffold/releases/latest/skaffold-darwin-amd64 && \
sudo install skaffold /usr/local/bin/Code language: Java (java)
# For macOS on ARMv8 (arm64)
curl -Lo skaffold https://storage.googleapis.com/skaffold/releases/latest/skaffold-darwin-arm64 && \
sudo install skaffold /usr/local/bin/Code language: Java (java)

Initialize Skaffold

We need to go the root of the folder on terminal

Bootstrap Skaffold configuration 

  1. Run the following command to generate a skaffold.yaml config file:
skaffold initCode language: Java (java)

2. When prompted to to choose the builder image for each project, select the default option (i.e buildpacks)

? Choose the builder to build image sureshgkhyd/department  [Use arrows to move, type to filter]
 > Buildpacks (department/pom.xml)
  Buildpacks (employee/pom.xml)
  Docker (department/Dockerfile)
  Docker (employee/Dockerfile)
  None (image not built from these sources)
Code language: Java (java)

? Choose the builder to build image sureshgkhyd/department Buildpacks (department/pom.xml)
? Choose the builder to build image sureshgkhyd/employee  [Use arrows to move, type to filter]
> Buildpacks (employee/pom.xml)
  Docker (department/Dockerfile)
  Docker (employee/Dockerfile)
  None (image not built from these sources)
Code language: Java (java)

3. When asked which builders you would like to create Kubernetes resources for, press enter to accept the default selection

? Choose the builder to build image sureshgkhyd/department Buildpacks (department/pom.xml)
? Choose the builder to build image sureshgkhyd/employee Buildpacks (employee/pom.xml)
? Which builders would you like to create kubernetes resources for?  [Use arrows to move, space to select, <right> to all, <left> to none, type to filter]
  []  Docker (department/Dockerfile)
  []  Docker (employee/Dockerfile)
Code language: Java (java)

4.When asked if you want to write this configuration to skaffold.yaml, type “y” for yes.

? Choose the builder to build image sureshgkhyd/department Buildpacks (department/pom.xml)
? Choose the builder to build image sureshgkhyd/employee Buildpacks (employee/pom.xml)
? Which builders would you like to create kubernetes resources for?
apiVersion: skaffold/v4beta2
kind: Config
metadata:
  name: docker-k-s
build:
  artifacts:
  - image: sureshgkhyd/department
    context: department
    buildpacks:
      builder: gcr.io/buildpacks/builder:v1
  - image: sureshgkhyd/employee
    context: employee
    buildpacks:
      builder: gcr.io/buildpacks/builder:v1
manifests:
  rawYaml:
  - definitions/department-deployment.yaml
  - definitions/employee-deployment.yaml
  - definitions/ingress.yaml

? Do you want to write this configuration to skaffold.yaml? (y/N)
Code language: Java (java)

5. skaffold.yaml file will be created in root folder of the project.

apiVersion: skaffold/v4beta2
kind: Config
metadata:
  name: docker-k-s
build:
  artifacts:
  - image: sureshgkhyd/department
    context: department
    buildpacks:
      builder: gcr.io/buildpacks/builder:v1
  - image: sureshgkhyd/employee
    context: employee
    buildpacks:
      builder: gcr.io/buildpacks/builder:v1
manifests:
  rawYaml:
  - definitions/department-deployment.yaml
  - definitions/employee-deployment.yaml
  - definitions/ingress.yaml
Code language: Java (java)

Buildpack by default uses java version11,our project is using Java 17, so we need to edit the skaffold.yaml file so that buildpack uses the Java 17

apiVersion: skaffold/v4beta2
kind: Config
metadata:
  name: docker-k-s
build:
  artifacts:
  - image: sureshgkhyd/department
    context: department
    buildpacks:
      builder: gcr.io/buildpacks/builder:v1
      env:
        - "GOOGLE_RUNTIME_VERSION=17"
  - image: sureshgkhyd/employee
    context: employee
    buildpacks:
      builder: gcr.io/buildpacks/builder:v1
      env:
        - "GOOGLE_RUNTIME_VERSION=17"

manifests:
  rawYaml:
  - definitions/department-deployment.yaml
  - definitions/employee-deployment.yaml
  - definitions/ingress.yaml
Code language: Java (java)

Note

I had to remove ingress.yaml reference from Skaffold.yaml on Windows laptop as skaffold is not able to re-deploy the ingress

Use skaffold dev

Run the following command to begin using Skaffold for continuous development:

skaffold devCode language: Java (java)

Skaffold automatically builds and deploys your application.

Skaffold is now watching for any file changes, and will rebuild your application automatically.

Let’s see this in action.

Generating tags...
 - sureshgkhyd/department -> sureshgkhyd/department:latest
 - sureshgkhyd/employee -> sureshgkhyd/employee:latest
Some taggers failed. Rerun with -vdebug for errors.
Checking cache...
 - sureshgkhyd/department: Found Locally
 - sureshgkhyd/employee: Found Locally
Tags used in deployment:
 - sureshgkhyd/department -> sureshgkhyd/department:ad59aa1419566c49b1637e8be068729676f778f6cfff6a467c620d1a0098cfa4
 - sureshgkhyd/employee -> sureshgkhyd/employee:82f2a8add5b81610092a79f91e7505a6a1d4b0234e25d001b514cb6cd415a81a
Starting deploy...
 - deployment.apps/department created
 - service/department-service created
 - deployment.apps/employee created
 - service/employee-service created
Waiting for deployments to stabilize...
 - ingress-nginx:deployment/department is ready. [1/2 deployment(s) still pending]
 - ingress-nginx:deployment/employee is ready.
Deployments stabilized in 2.883 seconds
Listing files to watch...
 - sureshgkhyd/department
 - sureshgkhyd/employee
Press Ctrl+C to exit
Watching for changes...
[employee]
[employee]   .   ____          _            __ _ _
[employee]  /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
[employee] ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
[employee]  \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
[employee]   '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
[employee]  =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
[employee]  :: Spring Boot ::                (v3.0.2)
[employee]
[department]
[department]   .   ____          _            __ _ _
[department]  /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
[department] ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
[department]  \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
[department]   '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
[department]  =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
[department]  :: Spring Boot ::                (v3.0.2)
[department]
[employee] 2023-02-12T09:38:03.569Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] d.f.k8s.employee.EmployeeApplication     : Starting EmployeeApplication v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT using Java 17.0.6 with PID 1 (/app.jar started by sbuser in /)
[employee] 2023-02-12T09:38:03.574Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] d.f.k8s.employee.EmployeeApplication     : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
[department] 2023-02-12T09:38:04.371Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] d.f.k.department.DepartmentApplication   : Starting DepartmentApplication v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT using Java 17.0.6 with PID 1 (/app.jar started by sbuser in /)
[department] 2023-02-12T09:38:04.474Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] d.f.k.department.DepartmentApplication   : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
[department] 2023-02-12T09:38:24.366Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
[employee] 2023-02-12T09:38:24.375Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
[employee] 2023-02-12T09:38:24.567Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
[employee] 2023-02-12T09:38:24.568Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine    : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.1.5]
[department] 2023-02-12T09:38:24.582Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
[department] 2023-02-12T09:38:24.583Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine    : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.1.5]
[department] 2023-02-12T09:38:26.971Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
[employee] 2023-02-12T09:38:26.973Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
[employee] 2023-02-12T09:38:27.067Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 22403 ms
[department] 2023-02-12T09:38:27.069Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 21503 ms
[department] 2023-02-12T09:38:37.188Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
[employee] 2023-02-12T09:38:37.472Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
[department] 2023-02-12T09:38:37.484Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] d.f.k.department.DepartmentApplication   : Started DepartmentApplication in 40.406 seconds (process running for 48.793)
[employee] 2023-02-12T09:38:37.670Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] d.f.k8s.employee.EmployeeApplication     : Started EmployeeApplication in 40.704 seconds (process running for 48.979)
Code language: Java (java)

Now let’s edit the response of one of controller



import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/employee")
public class EmployeeController {

    @GetMapping
    public String getEmployee() {
        return "from employee project - updated";
    }
}
Code language: Java (java)

Noe Skaffold identifies that one of the file has changed and re-builds the docker images and redeploys the images on k8s cluster.

Now if you test the employee api again you should see the updated response.

$ curl eis.com/api/employee
from employee project - updatedCode language: Java (java)

You can download the sourcecode of the project from GitHub

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Database Migrations with Liquibase and Spring Boot

BySuresh Gadupu Spring Boot

In this blog post , I’ll show you how to do database migrations in Spring Boot applications with Liquibase. I’ll show the process of integrating Liquibase, creating migrations, and migrating your database using Liquibase library. I have already covered about database migrations in detail in one of my previous blog post, in that article I…

Spring Boot – Create a Deployable War File

BySuresh Gadupu Spring Boot

In general Spring Boot applications are deployed as jar files but Spring Boot applications can also deployed as war files. In this blog post I will explain step by step process to convert Spring Boot application which is packaged as jar file to deployable war file. Spring Boot application when packaged as jar files they…

Integration Testing with Spring Boot,Testcontainers,Oracle

BySuresh Gadupu Spring Boot

In this blog post I show how to use oracle -xe database with Testcontainers for doing database integration tests in Spring Boot application. I have already written a detailed blog post about database integration testing with Spring Boot and Testcontainers in following article In above blog post, I have used PostgresSQL database. In this blog…